As of my last knowledge update in September 2021, the fastest way to gain Ranged experience (XP) in Old School RuneScape (OSRS) can vary depending on your Ranged level and budget. Keep in mind that the game's meta and methods may have evolved since then, so it's a good idea to consult the latest guides or the OSRS community for the most up-to-date information. Here are some general methods that were commonly used for training Ranged quickly, but first 

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1. Chinning at the Monkey Madness II Caves: This method involves using red or black chinchompas at the Monkey Madness II caves. This is a high-level method and can be quite expensive, but it provides extremely fast Ranged XP rates. You'll need to complete Monkey Madness II to access this area.
   
   
    

2. Blowpipe at the TzHaar Fight Cave: The Toxic Blowpipe is an excellent weapon for training Ranged. You can use it at the TzHaar Fight Cave to kill various TzHaar creatures. It's relatively less expensive compared to chinning, but still a good way to gain Ranged XP.

3. Chopping Redwood Logs with Darts: This method involves using the Redwood Log method while training Woodcutting with rune or adamant darts. This can be quite efficient as you gain Ranged XP while training another skill.

4. Cannonball Range Training: Using a dwarf multicannon while Slayer training or other combat tasks can passively train your Ranged skill. This is not the fastest method, but it's useful for gaining Ranged XP while focusing on other goals.

5. NMZ (Nightmare Zone): The NMZ offers a variety of bosses to fight, and you can use the Absorption method to AFK train your Ranged skill. This is a more relaxed way to train Ranged but can still be effective.

6. Ranged Training at Sand Crabs or Ammonite Crabs: If you prefer a more AFK-friendly approach, training on Sand Crabs (Hosidius beach) or Ammonite Crabs (Fossil Island) can be a good option. Bring a blowpipe or another suitable ranged weapon and let them attack you, while you gain XP in return.

Remember that the fastest method may not always be the most cost-effective one, so consider your budget and goals when choosing a training method. Additionally, always check for the most up-to-date information on training methods and XP rates in OSRS, as the game's meta can change over time due to updates and balancing changes.